Basic Understanding:
Day by Day we are going ahead where we are facing big data, it is critical to handle and visualize it in appropriate manner. Different programming languages handles different kind of problem such as (C++, C#) for desktop application, mobile application, web base application, but in the domain of programming language R and Python are old languages R designed on August 1993; and Python in 1991 but its impressive libraries emphases us to use it for big data (analysis, and predication) where we need to predict and visualization using Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, deep learning also for Data Science (statistical purpose).
In the usage war, both programming language waging each other, action, rule and predication action these two has own importance according to the modern era both language ratio in usage, in 2017 R highlighted in the world by its usage and it unique libraries.
Introduction:
For statistical calculation and graphic R programming language has been used. The R GNU based, which is similar to S language, where it environment designed at Bell Laboratories (formerly AT&T, now Lucent Technologies) by John Chambers and colleagues. Different designing and it implementation of S can be considered as R. Both not be, same there are many difference between S and R in other work. Also, R bestrew big range of different statistical related modeling, classical statistical test, time s series analysis, classification, clustering function etc…and related graphical techniques, which are nightly extensible, whereas S provide the research statistical methodology, and R provides the open source route to participation in the activity.
For R, it is very easy to formulate the mathematical symbols and drawing the plot using well designed publication. These graphic design by default running possibilities present in window, Unix and related platforms available on it.
R as Programming Language: It is the Open source counterpart of SAS, traditionally been used in academics and research. It is open source nature basically, latest techniques get released quickly. There is a lot of documentation available over the internet and it is a very cost-effective option.
Python as Programming Language: It is an open source scripting language as like others, It is one of the growing language. These days, it stunning libraries (scipy, numpy and matplotlib) and functions for almost any statistical operation / model building you may want to do. Also using of pandas showing the file handing in very smart way for data handing and others related mathematical models work.
R is traditionally open source programming language, which is not only used in data science field but also in different field of life.
In term of differences and opponent there are a lot of differences between them to shows the grow of that language in the different field in this ear, such as data science, machine learning, data science and data analyst, but In the Article I am going to discuss TEN differences which effect to grow and popularity reason of R and Python in the globe.
Let's understand these differences:
History
Python is an interpreted high-level programming language for general-purpose programming, which has been created by Guido van Rossum in 1991, The two version (2.0 and 3.0) of python create conflict between the user, and from these two others sub version is going to created time to time (2.7 or 3.2), right now the current latest version (as of Fall 2018) is Python 3.6.4. Whereas in R is a programming language as like other it is free environment for statistical computing and also support for graphic which has been designed by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman in 1995, the latest version of R which is running in market is 3.5.1 which is available on the official website of R to download.
Community
The main purpose of community to provide help as quick service. There are different community available to provide stunning performance to produce stage as community like on R website community, Stackoverflow, Mailing list, user contributed code and documentation also different developer and programmer create own community to held it up. Whereas in R community Mailing list, user contributed code and documentation and Active stackoverflow members few data scientist and statisticians also provide the huge community as compare to python which grow more result then python popularity.
Purpose
Python always force on productivity and code readability and usability because it is an Object oriented language. It is English related keyword supported language (logical operator AND, OR AND NOT). Also not only folks use it to make better programming also use it for gaming by using PyGame library. Whereas in R, it is focus on Data to fix, predict, analysis and deep concept of statistic and graphic model for graph related plotting.
Usability
As we discuss about the syntax of Python for coding is easy because several keyword and writing tool related to English easy word, that’s why running and debugging is easy. Also, Indentation of code effect on it meaning, we must follow the pattern of python in term writing function (in the predefine way). Where as in R statistic related model can be written in few lines. Also, function can be written using several way as compare to python. R is generally suitable for any type of data analysis. The numerous number of packages and readily usable tests make starting any analysis quite easy as computer to python.
Flexibility
In term of flexibility of python, it is more flexibility, we do new any time on it which is never did on before. Many user use it as scripting language also for web development. Python use to analysis project is part of a bigger project that involves many complexities easily. Where as in R, for data science in deep many developer prefer to use R then Python due to its powerful libraries also helpful to analysis complex data using huge list of R packages and statistical model.
Ease of learning
In the field of computer programming, many developer prefer to build their logic first, for this many computer scientist to learn first Python, that’s why in different educational centers python has been taught as level first. For ease in the python learning, readability and usability make it easier for basic and easy to learn as compare to R. But also R is not hard for experience programmer.
Job Scenario
According to the latest trends and report, R and Python are the competitive to each other, Last TWO Year the Popularity of Python is grow up then R, but we cannot ignore the popularity of R as well. Most of the companies follow the usage of R and python both for big data handling and data analysis. Accordingly the jobs setup change time to time in term of salary and also work on.
The jobs, ad in USA in 2017, through the website have a look!
Search by "Data Scientist" finds 3,558 jobs
Search by "Data Scientist" Python finds 2,407 jobs (68% of all)
Search by "Data Scientist" R finds 2,179 (61% of all).
Search by "Data Scientist" Python R finds 1,906 jobs (54% of all) and
Search for "Data Scientist" -Python -R finds 892 jobs (25% of all)
Also, the job and salaries graphs demonstrate this senses is easy way: The first one is showing the popularity of Python over R, second for Python as data science also third one shows for the same in ratio in June of 2017.
Data Handling
For data handling I do not see any big differences between them which shows the realist effect on any programming language. Both handle the data by using libraries, Python use Numpy and Pandas to cover and handle the data in easy and sufficient way, whereas in R we do not need to install libraries for basic data handling but for big data and other advance work we need to install it like data.table and dplyr and others.
IDE support
IDE means integrated development environment, for support of programming language coding and environment to run we need IDE according the related programming language like C/C++ Dev, C# Visual Studio. As like these For Python there are different IDE to code few of them which are most famous these days, Pycham, IPython Notebook, Spyder and Rodeo, where as in R the famous one is only RStudio.
Libraries
Library is the collection of classes which provide the short way to code and get to required output using few line of code. In Python there are different libraries in this Article we will discuss main and famous of them, Pandas which is used to manipulate the date, Scipy and Numpy are used for scientific work and calculation. For graph we used matplotlib, and using statsmodels we explore the data, create the statistical modem and also perform different statistical test and unit test. Whereas in R different packages play a vital rule to make R more attractive in term of usage, dplyr, plyr and data.table are used to manipulate the date as like python, stringr is used to manipulate the string. Zoo not for (zoo) J but for working in regular and irregular time series. Ggvis, lattice and ggplot2 are used to visualize the date and caret for working on machine learning.
These all are the few differences which I observed
in the field and working by Research!
I am hopeful it will be informative for all of you!!!
